Civil War Merchant Token - A. Miller and Co Produce Commission (Milwaukee, Wisconsin) , United States

Obverse: The portrait of Thomas Jefferson, the 3rd president of the U.S. from 1801 to 1809., Reverse: A representation of Monticello, President Thomas Jefferson's Virginia home.

Obverse: By 1862, the second year of the Civil War, government-issued coinage began vanishing from circulation. American citizens hoarded all coins with gold and silver, and eventually began hoarding copper-nickel cents as well. This made it extremely difficult for businesses to conduct transactions. In response, many merchants turned to private minters to fill the void left by the hoarded coins. The first of these privately minted tokens appeared in the autumn of 1862, by H. A. Ratterman, in Cincinnati, Ohio. It is estimated that by 1864, there were 25,000,000 Civil War tokens (nearly all redeemable for one cent) in circulation, consisting of approximately 7,000–8,000 varieties, Reverse: THE FEDERAL UNION IT MUST AND SHALL BE PRESERVED *************

Obverse: The portrait in left profile of George Washington, the first President of the United Stats from 1789 to 1797, is accompanied with the motto "IN GOD WE TRUST" and the lettering "LIBERTY" and it is surrounded with the face value and the inscription "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA", Reverse: Hawaiian monarch King Kamehameha I stretching his hand toward the eight major Hawaiian Islands.